Prilocaine CAS 721-50-6

Prilocaine belongs to amide kind anesthetic. The anesthetic intensity and speed are similar to those of lidocaine, yet the duration is long and also the vasodilation effect is weak. It is much less toxic than lidocaine. It is clinically used for regional anesthesia, especially for clients that can not utilize adrenaline.

[Pharmacology] The anesthetic result of its 3% service resembles that of 2% lidocaine plus adrenaline. The effect is slow-moving, lasting regarding 6 ~ 7min, lasting about 1.5 ~ 2h. It has a strong capacity to pass through mucous membrane layers. The action time of adrenaline is slightly longer. PPB is 55%, T1/2 is about 1.5 h. It is influenced by liver metabolism, and its metabolite nitroso toluidine can oxidize hemoglobin to develop methemoglobin. It can be supplied to the unborn child via the placenta.
[Adverse response] If the dose is more than 600mg, methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, tachycardia, migraine, lightheadedness, weakness as well as various other symptoms may occur.
[Preventative measures] Individuals with anemia, hereditary or gotten methemoglobinemia, breathing failure or heart failure, and hypoxia are prohibited. It is forbidden to use it for obstetric anesthetic.
[Usage and dosage] Infiltration anesthesia: 0.5%~ 1% option, action time: 1 ~ 1.5 hours.
Nerve block anesthesia: use 1%~ 2% service for 2-3 hours.
Epidural anesthetic: 1.5%~ 1% remedy 10 ~ 30mL, action time 2.5 ~ 3.5 hrs. Make use of a maximum dosage of 600 mg.