
| Indium chloride Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 262 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boiling point | 300°C |
| density | 3.46 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| vapor pressure | 1Pa at 25℃ |
| Fp | 300°C subl. |
| storage temp. | Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
| solubility | Water (Slightly) |
| form | powder |
| color | White to off-white |
| Specific Gravity | 3.46 |
| Water Solubility | reacts |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Crystal Structure | AlCl3 type |
| crystal system | Monoclinic |
1. Chemical properties and classification
Indium chloride is not a single compound, but a family formed by the existence of multiple valence states of indium element, mainly including one Indium chloride (InCl) and three Indium chloride (InCl3). Among them, Indium chloride (InCl3) is the most common chloride of indium, which is a colorless or white hygroscopic crystal. And Indium chloride (InCl) is a yellow solid with different chemical properties. It is worth noting that there is also an intermediate valence state of Indium chloride (InCl ₂), but it is essentially a mixed valence state compound of In ⁺ [In ³ ⁺ Cl ₄] ⁻.
2. Physical characteristics and morphology
There are significant differences in the physical properties of Indium chloride in different valence states. Triple Indium chloride (InCl3) usually exists in the form of a white to slightly yellow hygroscopic powder, which is highly soluble in water. Indium chloride (InCl) is a yellow solid that is highly sensitive to air and moisture and needs to be stored in an inert gas atmosphere. In terms of stability, three Indium chlorides sublime and decompose at around 262 ° C, while one Indium chloride melts when heated to around 225 ° C.
3. Core positioning
Indium chloride occupies a crucial position in the technology industry chain. As one of the most critical indium sources, it is a precursor for preparing ITO targets and an indispensable raw material for all modern liquid crystal screens. In addition, high-purity tri Indium chloride is also an excellent Lewis acid catalyst, playing an efficient and specific “catalyst” role in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates and fine chemicals.
The main uses of Indium chloride
Indium chloride, as a key electronic material and organic synthesis reagent, plays an irreplaceable role in semiconductor manufacturing, optoelectronic displays, and fine chemicals.
1. Optoelectronic Information and Semiconductor Field
This is the most valuable and technologically core application area of Indium chloride. Indium chloride is the main raw material for preparing ITO (indium tin oxide) target and nano powder. ITO is a key material for manufacturing transparent electrodes in liquid crystal displays, touch screens, OLEDs, and solar cells due to its excellent conductivity and transparency. This means that the core performance of everything from smartphones and tablets to photovoltaic panels is directly related to Indium chloride. In the semiconductor industry, it is also used to prepare III-V and II-VI compound semiconductor materials, such as indium phosphide, which is an important substrate for manufacturing high-frequency communication chips and lasers.
2. Organic synthesis and pharmaceutical chemical industry
In laboratory and fine chemical production, tri indium chloride, as a type of Lewis acid catalyst with excellent performance and water stability, is gradually replacing traditional highly corrosive or toxic catalysts. It can efficiently catalyze a series of classic organic reactions, including aldol condensation, Friedel Crafts acylation reactions, and Diels Alder reactions, which are commonly used methods for constructing complex drug molecules and natural product frameworks. For example, it is used in thioacetalization reactions and enantioselective ring opening reactions of thiols to racemic aziridines, which is of great significance for the synthesis of optically active pharmaceutical intermediates.
3. Electroplating and special functional materials field
In the metal surface treatment industry, Indium chloride is used to prepare cyanide free electroplating solutions, mainly for the indium plating process of precision instruments and electronic components, to enhance their wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and conductivity. In addition, high-purity Indium chloride is also used in the preparation of fluorescent powders for light-emitting diodes and the production of specific phosphor compounds. In agriculture, research has found that a dilute solution containing three Indium chlorides sprayed on feed can serve as a safe and effective wool growth promoter.
It is easy to absorb moisture, so it should be sealed and stored in a cool and dry place. Do not expose it to the air for a long time.
Yes, we have our own production line, first-hand sources, and long-term supply is not a problem.
Sure, we support sample testing and confirm the results before making bulk purchases.
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As a Indium Chloride supplier and manufacturer with a strict standard product quality system certificate, Zhishang Chemical has long been providing the best Indium Chloride raw materials to customers all over the world.
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