13-cis-Retinoic Acid CAS 4759-48-2 Isotretinoin

Acne is a chronic inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, which mostly occurs during puberty and affects the appearance of the skin. The actual etiology is not very clear, and it may be related to increased secretion of secretory glands, hyperkeratosis of hair follicles, abnormal flora and inflammation. Isotretinoin can inhibit the proliferation of keratinocytes, prevent keratin embolism, inhibit sebaceous gland secretion and sebum production, and make acne lesions subside. It can inhibit the secretion of sebum, stimulate the conversion of thickened epithelial cells, and reverse abnormal horny It has a significant effect on the treatment of acne and has become the first choice drug for acne treatment. Isotretinoin can regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in the epidermis, has anti-proliferation, repair and exfoliation effects, and has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects.

The biggest feature of palmoplantar keratoderma is the symmetry, diffuse keratosis, and hypertrophy in the palms and soles of the feet. Most of them start from infants, and the skin is pale yellow due to hyperkeratosis. General patients are often accompanied by hyperhidrosis. Due to keratinization and hypertrophy, chapping is prone to occur in winter, and the most serious type is mutilated palmoplantar keratoderma. Due to severe keratosis, hypertrophy and proliferation, the foot is deformed and disabled. Isotretinoin can bidirectionally regulate the growth, differentiation and repair of epithelial cells and other cells, and normalize the process of keratinization and differentiation; it can normalize the distribution of Langerhans troupes in the skin, and has a direct effect on the immune system Regulatory effect; reduces neutrophil migration from dermis to epidermis and alters adhesion between target cells.

The clinical manifestations of seborrheic dermatitis are scalp itching, greasy scales and papules of various sizes, and the papules are covered with greasy scales or scabs, including greasy scalp on the top of the head, progressive soft, sparse hair, and increased shedding . The etiology of seborrheic dermatitis is not completely clear. Most studies believe that there is excessive seborrhea, accompanied by inflammation secondary to abnormal keratinization of the epithelium of the hair follicle orifice. Isotretinoin can inhibit the activity of sebaceous glands, reduce sebum secretion, improve abnormal keratinization of epithelial cells, and has anti-inflammatory effects.

It is generally believed that the mechanism of isotretinoin in the treatment of psoriasis is: 1. It can normalize the hyperkeratotic epidermis of psoriasis, regulate the proliferation and differentiation of lesion skin; 2. Activate macrophages and epidermal Langerhans cells, Adjust the inflammatory response and immune response in the lesion; 3. Reduce the activity of polyamine synthetase, so that the biochemical metabolic process in the body returns to normal; 4. Inhibit keratinocytes and inhibit the DNA of hyperactive epidermal keratinocytes in patients with psoriasis And RNA synthesis, inhibit the formation of vascular endothelial cell growth factor and cell adhesion molecules in patients.

Primary cutaneous amyloidosis is a common metabolic disorder skin disease. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, and it is generally believed to be related to genetics, metabolic disorders and immune responses. Isotretinoin can regulate the mitosis of epidermal cells, inhibit the production of keratin, and restore the hyperplasia and differentiation of lesioned skin to normal.

Adverse reactions of isotretinoin: dry skin, cheilitis, desquamation, itching, pain, rash, increased skin fragility, peeling of palms and soles, ecchymosis, secondary infection, etc. Women of childbearing age who desire to have children must take contraceptive measures for 2 years. Corresponding countermeasures can be taken for the above adverse reactions, such as dry skin and mucous membranes, external use of moisturizers, eye drops and no contact lenses for conjunctivitis, avoid ethanol (alcoholic) beverages and alcohol, low-fat diet, and adjust if necessary Dosage.